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annotate mcabber/doc/HOWTO_modules.txt @ 1619:2a82e6654c04

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Add a module writing howto
author Myhailo Danylenko <isbear@ukrpost.net>
date Mon, 12 Oct 2009 21:31:15 +0200
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children a75611931642
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1
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2 ===========================================
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3
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4 Mcabber module writing brief howto
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5
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6 ===========================================
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7
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8 Mcabber loads modules via glib's GModule.
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9
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10 Thus, in your module you can provide functions
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11
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12 --------------------------------------------------------
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13 const gchar* g_module_check_init (GModule *module);
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14 void g_module_unload (GModule *module);
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15 --------------------------------------------------------
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16
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17 to do something when module is loaded and unloaded.
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18
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19 As module is loaded, you can use mcabber functions,
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20 declared in mcabber's header files (though you should
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21 consider, that they may change their calling conventions
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22 some day).
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23
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24 I will not explain them all, there are too much of
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25 them, but will provide description for those, provided
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26 especially for module writers.
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27
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28 --------------------------------------------------------
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29 #include "commands.h"
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30
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31 void cmd_add (const char *name, const char *help,
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32 guint flags1, guint flags2,
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33 void (*f)(char*), gpointer userdata);
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34 void cmd_del (const char *name);
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35 --------------------------------------------------------
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36
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37 These two functions are provided to declare mcabber
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38 commands, offered by your module.
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39 - name is a command name.
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40 - help is a short description of your command, however
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41 for now it is not used at all and can be omitted.
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42 - flags are completion identifiers for first and second
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43 command arguments, for list of built-in completions,
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44 see compl.h. You can declare your own completion
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45 lists, using functions from compl.h, described later.
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46 - f is a user-provided callback function, that will be
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47 called upon executing mcabber command. If you will
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48 provide non-NULL userdata, function must be of type
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49 void (*f) (char *commandline, gpointer userdata).
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50 - userdata is a pointer to data, transparently passed
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51 to callback. See f description.
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52
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53 --------------------------------------------------------
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54 #include "compl.h"
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55
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56 guint compl_new_category (void);
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57 void compl_del_category (guint id);
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58
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59 void compl_add_category_word (guint categ,
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60 const char *command);
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61 void compl_del_category_word (guint categ,
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62 const char *word);
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63 GSList *compl_get_category_list (guint cat_flags,
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64 guint *dynlist);
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65 --------------------------------------------------------
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66
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67 These functions allow you to define and manage word
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68 lists for completion categories, used by your commands.
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69 First you need to obtain handle for completion type,
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70 that you later will supply as flags, when declaring
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71 your commands. For that use function compl_new_category.
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72 It returns new category id or zero, if mcabber runs
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73 out of completion ids (for now there are only 32 ids
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74 available, and 20 of them are already taken by builtin
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75 commands). compl_del_category allows you to delete
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76 user-defined category, deleting all words in it too.
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77
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78 Now, that you have a completion category, you can at any
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79 time add or delete words from it's completion list.
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80 For that use functions compl_add_category_word and
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81 compl_del_category_word. You can obtain current contents
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82 of category by using gompl_get_category_list. If after
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83 execution dynlist is TRUE, you should free obtained
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84 list of commands.
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85
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86 --------------------------------------------------------
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87 #include "hooks.h"
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88
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89 typedef struct {
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90 const char *name;
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91 const char *value;
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92 } hk_arg_t;
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93
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94 typedef void (*hk_handler_t) (hk_arg_t *args,
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95 gpointer userdata);
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96
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97 void hk_add_handler (hk_handler_t handler,
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98 gpointer userdata);
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99 void hk_del_handler (hk_handler_t handler,
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100 gpointer userdata);
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101 --------------------------------------------------------
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102
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103 These functions allow your module to react to events,
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104 such as incoming and outgoing messages, buddy status
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105 changes and sever connection establishment or breakup.
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106 In fact, you specify only one handler (well, you can
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107 specify as many, as you want, but they all will be
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108 called on any event, that will occur). Which event is
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109 occured can be determined from args, which is a list of
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110 hk_arg_t structures, terminated with structure, whose
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111 name field is set to NULL. Event type is specified in
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112 the structure with name set to "hook". Usually this is
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113 the first structure of the list, however it is not
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114 guaranted, that this will be so forever.
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115
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116 Currently there are next events possible:
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117 - hook-message-in with parameters
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118 * jid - sender of the incoming message
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119 * message - message body, converted to locale
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120 charset
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121 * groupchat ("true" or "false")
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122 - hook-message-out with parameters
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123 * jid - recipient of the outgoing message
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124 * message - message body, converted to locale
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125 charset
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126 - hook-status-change wih parameters
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127 * jid - buddy, whose status has changed
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128 * resource - resource, whose status has changed
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129 * old_status - old status of the buddy, one-char
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130 string, representing mcabber status letter -
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131 one of 'ofdna?_'.
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132 * new_status - new buddy status. The same as
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133 old_status.
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134 * message - new status message. Old one should be
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135 still available to module as the current buddy's
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136 message.
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137 - hook-my-status-change with parameters
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138 * new_status - user's new status, see
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139 hook-status-change. Old one should still be
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140 available as the current status of the user.
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141 * message - new status message
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142 - hook-post-connect with no parameters
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143 - hook-pre-disconnect with no parameters
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144
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145 #include "xmpp_helper.h"
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146
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147 void xmpp_add_feature (const char *xmlns);
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148 void xmpp_del_feature (const char *xmlns);
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149
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150 These functions may be useful, if your module implements
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151 some additional functionality to mcabber, that should be
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152 advertised in a client's discovery features list.
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153
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154 =====================
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155
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156 Example: hello
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157
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158 =====================
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159
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160 Now, let's write a simple module, called "hello", that
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161 will do no more than just print something on loading
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162 and unloading.
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163
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164 --------------------------------------------------------
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165 #include <glib.h>
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166 #include <gmodule.h>
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167
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168 /* We will use scr_LogPrint mcabber function,
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169 that does mcabber's messages output */
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170 #include "logprint.h"
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171
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172 /* Print something on module loading */
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173 const gchar* g_module_check_init (GModule *module)
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174 {
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175 scr_LogPrint (LPRINT_LOGNORM, "Hello, World!");
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176 return NULL;
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177 }
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178
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179 /* ... and unloading */
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180 void g_module_unload (GModule *module)
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181 {
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182 scr_LogPrint (LPRINT_LOGNORM, "Bye, World!");
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183 }
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184
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185 /* The End */
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186 --------------------------------------------------------
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187
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188 Now, compile this file (hello.c) with
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189
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190 libtool --mode=compile gcc `pkg-config --cflags glib-2.0 \
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191 gmodule-2.0` -c hello.c
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192 libtool --mode=link gcc -module -rpath /usr/lib/mcabber/ \
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193 `pkg-config --libs glib-2.0 gmodule-2.0` -o libhello.la \
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194 hello.lo
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195
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196 (you should substitute /usr/lib/mcabber to directory, where
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197 your modules are located) and then install obtained module with
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198
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199 libtool --mode=install install libhello.la \
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200 /usr/lib/mcabber/libhello.la
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201
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202 Note, that you, most likely need not run suggested by libtool
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203 finish action, as we're working with module object, not system-
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204 wide library, but maybe some systems require that.
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205
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206 Now, set modules_dir mcabber variable to point to your modules
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207 dir, and try to run /load hello. If all goes well, you should
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208 see in status buffer message "Hello World!".
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209 Now unload module by running command /unload hello, that
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210 should bring up message "Bye, World!".
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211
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212 That's it, you just created very simple dynamically loadable
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213 mcabber module.
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214
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215 =======================
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216
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217 Example: command
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218
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219 =======================
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220
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221 Now, let's allow our module to do some real work.
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222
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223 --------------------------------------------------------
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224 #include <glib.h>
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225 #include <gmodule.h>
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226
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227 #include "logprint.h"
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228 #include "commands.h"
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229
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230 /* Handler for command */
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231 void do_hello (char *args)
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232 {
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233 /* args contains command line with command
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234 * name and any spaces after it stripped */
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235 scr_LogPrint (LPRINT_LOGNORM, "Hello, %s!",
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236 *args != '\0' ? args : "World");
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237 }
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238
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239 /* Register command */
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240 const gchar* g_module_check_init (GModule *module)
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241 {
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242 cmd_add ("hello", "", 0, 0, do_hello, NULL);
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243 return NULL;
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244 }
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245
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246 /* Unregister command */
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247 void g_module_unload (GModule *module)
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248 {
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249 cmd_del ("hello");
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250 }
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251
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252 /* The End */
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253 --------------------------------------------------------
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254
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255 There we will need also config.h with defined MODULES_ENABLE
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256 to satisfy ifdefs in commands.h. You can get one from mcabber
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257 build tree, generated by configure or just provide your own:
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258
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259 --------------------------------------------------------
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260 #ifndef LOCAL_CONFIG_H
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261 #define LOCAL_CONFIG_H
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262
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263 #define MODULES_ENABLE 1
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264
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265 #endif
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266 --------------------------------------------------------
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267
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268 Now, compile it and try to load and run /hello with some
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269 arguments.
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270
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271 Note, that we used one-argument version of command
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272 handler, as we specified no userdata.
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273
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274 ==========================
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275
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276 Example: completion
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277
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278 ==========================
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279
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280 Now le's investigate how to provide custom completion to
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281 your commands. You can as well use built-in completions,
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282 their IDs are listed in compl.h.
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283
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284 --------------------------------------------------------
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285 #include <glib.h>
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286 #include <gmodule.h>
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287
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288 #include "logprint.h"
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289 #include "commands.h"
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290 #include "compl.h"
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291
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292 static guint hello_cid = 0;
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293
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294 /* hello command handler */
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295 void do_hello (char *args)
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296 {
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297 /* If argument is provided, add it to
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298 * completions list. */
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299 if (hello_cid && *args != '\0')
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300 compl_add_category_word (hello_cid,
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301 args);
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302 scr_LogPrint (LPRINT_LOGNORM, "Hello, %s!",
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303 *args != '\0' ? args : "World");
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304 }
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305
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306 /* Initialization */
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307 const gchar* g_module_check_init (GModule *module)
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308 {
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309 /* Obtain handle for our completion
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310 * category */
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311 hello_cid = compl_new_category ();
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312 if (hello_cid)
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313 /* Add known default word to
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314 * completion list */
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315 compl_add_category_word (hello_cid,
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316 "World");
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317 cmd_add ("hello", "", hello_cid, 0, do_hello,
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318 NULL);
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319 return NULL;
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320 }
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321
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322 /* Deinitialization */
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323 void g_module_unload (GModule *module)
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324 {
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325 /* Give back category handle */
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326 if (hello_cid)
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327 compl_del_category (hello_cid);
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328 cmd_del ("hello");
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329 }
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330
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331 /* The End */
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332 --------------------------------------------------------
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333
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334 Now you can use completion for hello command. Note, that
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335 this code have some serious simplifications, made for
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336 simplicity reasons. For now, compl_add_category_word
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337 does not checks, if word already exists in completions
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338 list (although it is marked as TODO, so, some day it
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339 will), so, we should check it ourselves. Also, we should
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340 check, that args contains only one word, or this will
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341 confuse completion system, so, it will stop on this
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342 completion.
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343
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344 =====================
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345
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346 Example: hooks
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347
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348 =====================
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349
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350 Now let's implement our own beeper. Why anyone may wish
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351 to do this? I am not satisfied with default mcabber's
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352 builtin beeper flexibility. I wanted beeping on any
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353 muc conference message, not just ones, directed to me.
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354
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355 --------------------------------------------------------
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356 #include <glib.h>
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357 #include <gmodule.h>
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358 #include <string.h>
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359
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360 #include "logprint.h"
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361 #include "commands.h"
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362 #include "compl.h"
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363 #include "hooks.h"
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364 #include "screen.h"
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365 #include "settings.h"
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366
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367 static guint beep_cid = 0;
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368
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369 /* Event handler */
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370 void beep_hh (hk_arg_t *args, gpointer userdata)
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371 {
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372 /* We are interested only in incoming
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373 * message events */
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374 if (!strcmp (args[0].value, "hook-message-in"))
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375 /* Check if beeping is enabled */
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376 if (settings_opt_get_int ("beep_enable"))
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377 /* *BEEP*! */
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378 scr_Beep ();
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379 }
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380
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381 /* beep command handler */
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382 void do_beep (char *args)
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383 {
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384 /* Check arguments, and if recognized,
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385 * set mcabber option accordingly */
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386 if (!strcmp (args, "enable") ||
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387 !strcmp (args, "on") ||
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388 !strcmp (args, "yes") ||
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389 !strcmp (args, "1"))
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390 settings_set (SETTINGS_TYPE_OPTION,
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391 "beep_enable", "1");
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392 else if (!strcmp (args, "disable") ||
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393 !strcmp (args, "off") ||
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394 !strcmp (args, "no") ||
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395 !strcmp (args, "0"))
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396 settings_set (SETTINGS_TYPE_OPTION,
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397 "beep_enable", "0");
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398
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399 /* Output current state, either if state is
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400 * changed and if argument is not recognized */
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401 if (settings_opt_get_int ("beep_enable"))
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402 scr_LogPrint (LPRINT_NORMAL,
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403 "Beep on messages is enabled");
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404 else
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405 scr_LogPrint (LPRINT_NORMAL,
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406 "Beep on messages is disabled");
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407 }
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408
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409 /* Initialization */
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410 const gchar* g_module_check_init (GModule *module)
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411 {
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412 /* Create completions */
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413 beep_cid = compl_new_category ();
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414 if (beep_cid) {
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415 compl_add_category_word (beep_cid, "enable");
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416 compl_add_category_word (beep_cid, "disable");
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417 }
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418 /* Add command */
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419 cmd_add ("beep", "", beep_cid, 0, do_beep, NULL);
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420 /* Add handler */
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421 hk_add_handler (beep_hh, NULL);
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422 return NULL;
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423 }
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424
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425 /* Deinitialization */
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426 void g_module_unload (GModule *module)
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427 {
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428 /* Unregister event handler */
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429 hk_del_handler (beep_hh, NULL);
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430 /* Unregister command */
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431 cmd_del ("beep");
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432 /* Give back completion handle */
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433 if (beep_cid)
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434 compl_del_category (beep_cid);
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435 }
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436
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437 /* The End */
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438 --------------------------------------------------------
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439
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440 As you can see, here we used the fact, that right now
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441 all the hooks provide "hook" argument as a first element
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442 in args, however this can change in future.
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443
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444 Note, that to compile this we also need to add loudmouth-1.0
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445 to pkg-config command line and to add -I. to compilation
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446 mode gcc command line (specify include directory with our
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447 config.h as system include directory), so, you will have
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448 something like
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449
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450 libtool --mode=compile gcc `pkg-config --cflags glib-2.0 \
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451 gmodule-2.0 loudmouth-1.0` -I. -c beep.c
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452 libtool --mode=link gcc -module -rpath /usr/lib/mcabber/ \
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453 `pkg-config --cflags glib-2.0 gmodule-2.0 loudmouth-1.0` \
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454 -o libbeep.la beep.lo
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455 libtool --mode=install install libbeep.la \
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456 /usr/lib/mcabber/libbeep.la
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457
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458 If you use CMake (as do I), corresponding CMakeLists.txt
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459 snippet:
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460
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461 --------------------------------------------------------
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462 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)
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463 project(beep C)
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464
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465 add_library(beep MODULE beep.c)
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466
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467 set(MCABBER_INCLUDE_DIR "${beep_SOURCE_DIR}/include"
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468 CACHE FILEPATH "Path to mcabber headers")
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469
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470 find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
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471 pkg_check_modules(GLIB REQUIRED glib-2.0)
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472 pkg_check_modules(GMODULE REQUIRED gmodule-2.0)
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473 pkg_check_modules(LM REQUIRED loudmouth-1.0)
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474
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475 include_directories(SYSTEM ${GLIB_INCLUDE_DIRS}
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476 ${GMODULE_INCLUDE_DIRS}
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477 ${LM_INCLUDE_DIRS})
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478 target_link_libraries(beep ${GLIB_LIBRARIES}
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479 ${GMODULE_LIBRARIES})
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480 include_directories(${beep_SOURCE_DIR}
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481 ${beep_BINARY_DIR}
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482 ${MCABBER_INCLUDE_DIR})
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483
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484 install(TARGETS beep DESTINATION lib/mcabber)
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485 --------------------------------------------------------
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486
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487 ==============
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488
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489 Further
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490
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491 ==============
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492
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493 As mcabber-lm uses glib mainloop, you can use glib's
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494 event sources, for example, fifo reading can be easily
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495 modularized with GIOChannels.
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496
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497 You can extend xmpp part of mcabber functionality by
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498 providing lm message handlers with high priority and
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499 allowing unhandled by your handler messages be taken
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500 care by mcabber's handlers on normal priority level.
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501 This is where you may need to modify set of advertised
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502 supported disco features.
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503
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504 Many useful examples can be found in my mcabber-lua
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505 module.
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506
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507 If you think, that your module needs to change
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508 something, hardcoded in current implementation - feel
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509 free to mail me or join mcabber's MUC room and
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510 discuss this - for now I have only implemented things,
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511 that I found necessary for mcabber-lua module.
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512
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513 Also I am not native English speaker, so, if you find
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514 some errors or non-natural constructs in this howto,
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515 please, inform me (I will be glad, if you also provide
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516 a more suitable version of text in question).
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517
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518 -- Myhailo Danylenko <isbear@ukrpost.net>
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519 -- Mon, 05 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0300
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520